Many people who consume cannabis often report positive experiences, such as getting the munchies and feeling relaxed or drowsy. However, this isn’t always the case. Some people – for a variety of reasons – will experience what’s called “greening out” or “whiteying.” This term refers to the physical and psychological symptoms that some people experience after consuming too much cannabis. These unpleasant side effects can range from anxiety and dizziness to panic attacks. This article delves deeper into what greening out is, the symptoms, ways to manage it, and ways to prevent it.
What Greening Out Is (and Isn’t)
The term “greening out” refers to physical and psychological symptoms that occur if you consume too much cannabis. This reaction to THC can result in anxiety, paranoia, dizziness, sweating, nausea, and even vomiting. The severity of these symptoms depends on several factors, such as how the cannabis was consumed, the potency of the cannabis, and the individual’s tolerance.
The Difference Between Greening Out and an Overdose
While greening out can cause discomfort or even disorientation, it is not life-threatening. Nor is it considered a medical overdose. Substances such as opioids and alcohol are toxic to the body and are life-threatening when consumed in high doses. Cannabis isn’t toxic, though, and “greening out” symptoms typically wear off after a few hours.
Debunking Myths About Greening Out
There are a few misconceptions people have about greening out that should be debunked. Some myths include:
- It Only Happens to New Users: While new users may be more susceptible to greening out because they have lower tolerance, experienced cannabis users can green out as well. Some factors that can contribute to this are taking more than usual, consuming edibles, or mixing cannabis with other substances, like alcohol.
- It’s a Sign of Weakness: Everyone has a different reaction to THC, the psychoactive compound in cannabis. Even experienced users can consume a stronger strain or higher dose than usual.
Symptoms of Greening Out
Greening out can be an extremely uncomfortable experience, as it affects both the mind and the body. Although the symptoms vary, depending on how much cannabis was consumed and how potent the strain was, here are some common symptoms people often experience.
Physical Symptoms
- Nausea or Vomiting: Many people report feeling nauseous, showing paleness. Others may throw up if the dose is particularly high.
- Dizziness: There is also a feeling lightheaded and that the room or space you’re in is spinning.
- Sweating or Chills: Some people sweat excessively or alternate between feeling too hot or too cold.
- Tremors: Some people may experience muscle tremors or shivering.
- Rapid Heartbeat: A rapid heartbeat can make some people nervous, but it’s not a life-threatening symptom.
- Headaches: Some users develop an intense headache.
Psychological Symptoms
- Anxiety and Paranoia: One of the most common psychological symptoms of greening out is feeling paranoid, often without any logical reason.
- Panic Attacks: Some people may experience shortness of breath, resulting in a panic attack.
- Confusion and Disorientation: Feeling confused and disoriented are other common psychological symptoms. This can result in difficulty concentrating.
- Racing Thoughts: Racing thoughts or even irrational thoughts can lead to paranoia and anxiety.
- Feeling Detached From Reality: Some users experience “depersonalization.” This term refers to feeling disconnected from yourself or your surroundings.
While the symptoms above are the most common, it’s important to note that no two experiences are the same. One user may only experience anxiety and dizziness while another may suffer from a panic attack. Symptoms will depend on the user as well as the cannabis consumed.
If you have a greening out experience, remember that it’s temporary. Stay calm, rest, hydrate, and wait until the experience passes.
Potential Causes of Greening Out
Although greening out can happen to anyone, there are several factors that can increase the likelihood that you’ll green out. These factors include:
Dosage
One of the main reasons people green out is consuming too much cannabis at once. The higher your dose, the more chances you’ll experience dizziness, paranoia, anxiety, and even nausea. To avoid greening out, start with a low dosage and wait for it to take effect before consuming more. Taking too much at once, whether it’s smoking, vaping, or eating an edible, can translate into an overwhelming and uncomfortable high later.
Potency
Cannabis strains that have high THC levels are more likely to cause users to green out. In addition, concentrates – like cannabis dabs, oils, and waxes – can contain very high THC levels. Make sure you’re aware of the percentage of THC before consuming the cannabis.
Consumption Method
The consumption method can also affect how intense a high is.
- Smoking and Vaping: Both smoking and vaping give immediate highs, but the effects usually wear off within an hour.
- Edibles: Any cannabis edible takes longer to kick in. Some edibles kick in after one hour. Because of this delayed onset, users may think nothing is happening and consume more than their bodies can handle.
- Tinctures and Oils: These tend to have high tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) levels, so it’s important to wait for the effect to kick in before taking any more.
Individual Factors
- Tolerance: Beginners or infrequent users typically have a lower tolerance for cannabis and are more likely to green out. However, even seasoned users can consume a higher-than-normal dose and experience negative effects.
- Metabolism: Metabolism has a big impact on how our bodies process THC. Some users will metabolize cannabis quickly, while others will feel the effects on their bodies for longer.
- Underlying Health Conditions: People with pre-existing anxiety disorders or heart conditions may suffer from panic attacks or paranoia when they green out. An increased heart rate can also be alarming for those with heart conditions. Furthermore, those with low blood sugar who consume edibles on an empty stomach may feel nauseous.
- Underlying Mental Conditions: Greening out can also trigger psychosis for those with pre-existing mental disorders, such as schizophrenia.
- Other Substances: Mixing cannabis with other substances, like alcohol or drugs, can significantly increase the potential risks of greening out. To prevent greening out, it’s best to consume cannabis by itself. Even mixing it with prescription medicine can lead to negative effects.
- Setting: Your environment and mood can have an impact on your cannabis experience as well. If you’re feeling anxious, cannabis can amplify those feelings. If you’re in an uncomfortable setting, greening out may make you feel paranoid. And if you’re with friends who push you to consume more, you may consume too much too quickly.
Managing Greening Out Symptoms
Greening out can be extremely uncomfortable and a little scary, but remember that the experience will pass. If the symptoms feel overwhelming, there are several ways you can manage your greening out symptoms.
Reassurance
Remind yourself that greening out is not life-threatening and that your life is not in danger. Panicking can exacerbate your symptoms, so try to stay calm and get some fresh air.
Hydration
Drink water to stay hydrated, and avoid any caffeine or sugary drinks. Sugar and caffeine can worsen your feelings of paranoia or anxiety.
Relaxation Techniques
Some of the best ways to manage greening out is to perform deep breathing exercises. Meditation and mindfulness techniques can help you relax. You can also listen to calming music to help soothe your body and mind.
Distraction
Watch a funny or light-hearted TV show or listen to a humorous podcast. Try to stay away from anything dark as that can exacerbate your anxiety. You can also play a game on your phone or computer.
Comfort
Create a soothing environment, like dimming the lights and relaxing in bed. If you have a safe space, like your bedroom or study, spend some time there.
CBD
Some people find that CBD, a non-psychoactive compound in cannabis, can counteract the effects of THC. However, research is still ongoing, so this shouldn’t be a guaranteed solution.
Greening out is not life-threatening, but seek medical attention if you notice the following:
- Severe chest pain
- Difficulty breathing (Respiratory problems)
- Loss of consciousness
- Severe vomiting
Preventing Greening Out
Greening out isn’t pleasant, but it can be avoided. Here are some ways you can prevent yourself or a loved one from greening out.
Start Low and Go Slow
Always follow the golden rule. Start with a low dose and then wait for the effect to kick in before taking more. If you take too much too quickly, you’ll increase the likelihood of greening out.
Know Your Source and Product
Always purchase cannabis from a reputable source to ensure it’s pure. Some sketchy sellers like to lace their cannabis with other substances, like fentanyl. You should also understand the properties of cannabis, like the THC percentage and the strain type. Some cannabis strains are known for being more potent than others.
Be Mindful of Consumption Method
Remember that edibles can take about an hour to kick in. Even if an hour feels like an eternity, wait for the effect to kick in before consuming more. You should also avoid consuming an edible on an empty stomach as this can intensify the high.
Consider CBD
Some users consume CBD to counteract the effects of TBD. However, if you plan to do so, proceed with caution. As mentioned, the research is still ongoing on whether this method is effective.
Avoid Combining Substances
If you’re going to consume cannabis, make it a cannabis-only time. Don’t drink or take other drugs. Don’t even mix cannabis with any over-the-counter medications, like Nyquil.
Set and Setting
To reduce feeling paranoid or anxiety, consume cannabis in an environment where you feel comfortable. Furthermore, surround yourself with people you feel safe with.
Educate Yourself
Lastly, educate yourself. The more you know about the cannabis strain you’re consuming, the better prepared you’ll be. It’s also important to listen to your body. If your high feels uncomfortable or too intense, hydrate yourself and take a break.
Final Thoughts
Greening out refers to physical and psychological symptoms that occur when you consume excessive THC. While the symptoms can be extremely uncomfortable, it’s not typically a medical emergency and the experience will pass—often within a few hours. However, for individuals who experience persistent or severe symptoms, or those with underlying mental health concerns, seeking professional help may be beneficial.
If cannabis use becomes problematic, there are various treatment options available. These include outpatient counseling, and for more severe cases, inpatient care at a treatment center. Depending on the level of dependency, detox may also be a component of a comprehensive treatment program.
To avoid greening out, it’s a good idea to follow the golden rule: start low and go slow. You should also choose cannabis from reputable sources and avoid mixing cannabis with other substances like alcohol or drugs.